概述了瓦斯气体特性及其发电技术的应用方式，介绍了国内外瓦斯发电技术的现状，探讨了内燃机瓦斯发电的关键技术及工艺流程，成功运行的典型案例证明了瓦斯发电技术的可行性和有效性。瓦斯是与煤炭共生的优质洁净能源，其主要成分是CH4，但它又是一种温室气体，其温室效应是CO2的21倍．国际清洁能源组织要求各国尽可能地减少瓦斯向大气中的排放．瓦斯发电技术作为新能源发电技术，将煤矿未能利用的瓦斯燃烧转化成电能。瓦斯发电技术都是采用小型泡芙视频下载地址，常用的有燃气轮机机组和内燃机泡芙视频下载地址，它采用小型燃气能源转换装置和烟气回热技术，在提高燃气燃烧效率的同时，降低各环节的能源损耗，从而实现能源利用效能的最优化。瓦斯热电联产是分布式能源的一种典型应用，将用户的电力、采暖、供热等多种需求整合在一起，进行协调优化，将发电后的余热用于采暖或余热发电，再将采暖后或余热发电后的余热用于解决热水的供应，这不仅缓解了电力的紧张，也合理利用了燃气资源，又降低了瓦斯气对空气的污染。目前，瓦斯发电技术不断地发展，着力于降低发电成本，增强发电的稳定性，从而可使瓦斯发电能够更高效、稳定地运行。1、瓦斯特性及其发电技术1.1瓦斯特性煤矿瓦斯是指储集在煤层中的一种非常规天然气体，是在煤矿采煤过程中散发出来的一种有害气体，无色、无味、易燃、易爆．它的主要成分是甲烷，当空气中甲烷的浓度达到5％～15％时，遇明火就极易发生爆炸。瓦斯是煤矿的“安全杀手”，但同时瓦斯也是一种具有较高利用价值的洁净能源。我国煤层气资源丰富，居世界第3位，每年在采煤的同时排放1.3×1010m3以上的瓦斯，约折合标准煤1.6×107t。过去除了少部分用于当地供暖外，瓦斯没有其他的利用途径，未能得到充分利用，抽放出的瓦斯绝大部分排入大气，不但造成资源的浪费，还造成了大气污染。1.2瓦斯气开采的3种发电利用方式1.2.1燃气轮机瓦斯发电通过直接在煤层上钻孔开采出的瓦斯气，含有的甲烷浓度高达90％以上，与天然气相似，危险系数相对较低。此类瓦斯气可以加压罐装运输，也可以远距离管道输送，因此多用于民用燃料(如天然气汽车)和化工原料等。这类高浓度的瓦斯发电技术较容易控制，发电技术相对稳定，一般采用燃气轮机发电。然而由于这类高浓度瓦斯相当宝贵，气源也相对紧张。针对节能减排的瓦斯发电技术而言，这仅是瓦斯发电发展的最初阶段。

　　This article provides an overview of the characteristics of gas and its application in power generation technology, introduces the current status of gas power generation technology at home and abroad, explores the key technologies and process flow of internal combustion engine gas power generation, and demonstrates the feasibility and effectiveness of gas power generation technology through typical cases of successful operation. Gas is a high-quality clean energy source that coexists with coal. Its main component is CH4, but it is also a greenhouse gas with a greenhouse effect 21 times that of CO2. The International Clean Energy Organization requires countries to minimize the emission of gas into the atmosphere as much as possible. Gas power generation technology, as a new energy generation technology, converts the unused gas in coal mines into electricity through combustion. Gas power generation technology uses small generator sets, commonly including gas turbine units and internal combustion engine generator sets. It adopts small gas energy conversion devices and flue gas reheating technology to improve gas combustion efficiency while reducing energy losses in various links, thereby achieving optimal energy utilization efficiency. Gas cogeneration is a typical application of distributed energy, which integrates users' various needs such as electricity, heating, and heating, coordinates and optimizes them, and uses the waste heat generated after power generation for heating or waste heat power generation, and then uses the waste heat generated after heating or waste heat power generation to solve the problem of hot water supply. This not only alleviates the shortage of electricity, but also makes reasonable use of gas resources and reduces the pollution of gas to the air. At present, gas power generation technology is constantly developing, focusing on reducing power generation costs and enhancing power generation stability, so as to enable gas power generation to operate more efficiently and stably. 1. Gas Characteristics and Power Generation Technology 1.1 Gas Characteristics Coal mine gas refers to an unconventional natural gas stored in coal seams, which is a harmful gas emitted during coal mining. It is colorless, odorless, flammable, and explosive. Its main component is methane. When the concentration of methane in the air reaches 5% to 15%, it is highly prone to explosion when exposed to open flames. Gas is the "safety killer" of coal mines, but at the same time, gas is also a clean energy source with high utilization value. China has abundant coalbed methane resources, ranking third in the world. Every year, more than 1.3 × 1010m3 of gas is emitted during coal mining, which is equivalent to 1.6 × 107t of standard coal. In the past, apart from a small portion used for local heating, there were no other ways to fully utilize the gas, and the vast majority of the extracted gas was discharged into the atmosphere, causing not only waste of resources but also air pollution. 1.2 Three power generation utilization methods for gas extraction 1.2.1 Gas turbine gas power generation The gas extracted directly from coal seams through drilling contains methane with a concentration of over 90%, similar to natural gas, and has a relatively low risk factor. This type of gas can be transported in pressurized cans or through long-distance pipelines, making it commonly used for civilian fuel (such as natural gas vehicles) and chemical raw materials. This type of high concentration gas power generation technology is relatively easy to control and stable, usually using gas turbines for power generation. However, due to the high concentration of such gas being quite valuable, the gas source is also relatively tight. For gas power generation technology aimed at energy conservation and emission reduction, this is only the initial stage of its development.

　　1.2.2内燃机瓦斯发电通过煤矿井下瓦斯抽放系统和地面输送系统开采瓦斯。这类瓦斯一般是煤矿开采时的附属气体，其瓦斯浓度变化较大，约在3％～80％之间，气体流量也不稳定。这类瓦斯是在煤矿采煤过程中通过负压风机抽取到地面的，当瓦斯浓度较低而接近于瓦斯的爆炸浓度范围(5％～15％)时，遇明火则容易爆炸。为了安全起见，这类瓦斯的利用需根据其浓度大小来确定。在关于瓦斯气的调研中，发现有些煤矿把浓度大于40％的高瓦斯无偿供给当地居民使用或点燃排空，而浓度低于40％的瓦斯就直接排空或点燃排放。这类瓦斯的利用率较低，但却有很高的发电利用价值，因此现阶段大多是针对此类瓦斯的发电技术研究开发，是最可行的节能减排的瓦斯发电技术。目前，这类瓦斯发电技术只能把大于30％浓度的瓦斯用来发电．由于瓦斯爆炸浓度范围的上限随着瓦斯压力的提高而升高，为了安全起见，煤矿抽放瓦斯发电常用燃气内燃机发电工艺(要求供气压力不高于0.05MPa，爆炸浓度范围上限大于15％)，而采用燃气轮机发电工艺(要求供气压力大于0.7MPa，爆炸浓度范围上限大于30％)。燃气内燃泡芙视频下载地址通过将空气和瓦斯的混合气体加压，电子点火爆燃做功，推动活塞移动，曲轴转动带动发电机发电，典型的抽放瓦斯燃气内燃机发电工艺流程见图1。1.2.3乏风瓦斯发电典型的乏风瓦斯发电工艺流程见图2。在煤炭开采过程中，为了保证矿工呼吸到新鲜空气，必须向井下压送洁净空气，而从井下通风排出来的废气则称为乏风，其中含有微量的瓦斯，甲烷浓度一般低于1％，这部分瓦斯也会造成能源的浪费和对大气环境的污染。煤矿乏风瓦斯发电是将瓦斯(甲烷)浓度大于0.2％的乏风送入氧化器进行无焰燃烧，通过瓦斯燃烧的能量来稳定燃烧过程，达到销毁瓦斯的目的，同时可以利用换热器吸收燃烧过程的余热来制取蒸汽或热水。蒸汽可以带动汽轮机进行发电，热水可以供热或制冷。2、我国瓦斯发电技术的发展现状在20世纪80年代，美国、英国和澳大利亚等国家就开始利用瓦斯发电。最初的瓦斯发电都采用燃气轮机发电，由于燃气轮机一般都要对瓦斯进行压力提升，而瓦斯气体在高温加压的情况下会提高爆炸上限，即此时低浓度瓦斯容易着火爆炸。因此，燃气轮机发电一般要求瓦斯浓度较高(一般40％以上)，当瓦斯浓度变低时，就停止发电运行。另外，瓦斯浓度降低使压缩设备的压缩量增大，从而使功耗增加，经济效率降低。我国的瓦斯发电起步较晚，第一座煤层气发电示范项目——辽宁抚顺矿务局的老虎台电站——采用的是燃气轮机发电，其瓦斯浓度略大于40％。晋城矿务局的寺河煤矿最初采用的是2台2000kW的燃气轮机机组，其瓦斯浓度为55％～65％。由于燃气轮机机组不能适应浓度稍低的瓦斯，因此限制了瓦斯发电的利用。然而内燃机瓦斯泡芙视频下载地址的出现，使甲烷浓度高于30％的瓦斯得到充分的利用。目前一些国外品牌的内燃机瓦斯泡芙视频下载地址企业已进入中国市场，其中美国的卡特比勒、奥地利的颜巴赫和德国的道依茨都是在我国运作成功的品牌企业。国内也有不少企业成功研发了内燃机瓦斯泡芙视频下载地址，并且在一些煤矿得到广泛应用。山西的晋城五里庙煤矿建成了国内第一个内燃机瓦斯泡芙旧版安装包，采用山东胜动集团的400kW内燃机瓦斯泡芙视频下载地址，其机组适应的瓦斯浓度在30％以上。另外，现行使用内燃机瓦斯泡芙视频下载地址的国内企业还有江苏启东宝驹、济南柴油机厂、淄博柴油机厂等。随着国家对新能源开发支持的力度越来越大，很多企业也逐渐注重瓦斯发电技术的发展，目前的内燃机泡芙视频下载地址对瓦斯浓度的适应性也越来越好，机组单机容量越来越大，自动化程度越来越高，瓦斯发电技术日臻成熟，对瓦斯发电电站的管理也日益完善，使瓦斯资源能够得到更充分的利用。从山西的调研情况看，瓦斯发电从最初的低效率、自动化水平低、个体经营的小容量牛棚电站逐渐转变为高效率、自动化程度高、大发电企业主导的大规模大容量瓦斯电站。

　　1.2.2 Gas power generation using internal combustion engines is extracted through underground gas drainage systems and surface transportation systems in coal mines. This type of gas is generally an ancillary gas during coal mining, with a gas concentration that varies greatly, ranging from 3% to 80%, and the gas flow rate is also unstable. This type of gas is extracted to the ground through negative pressure fans during coal mining. When the gas concentration is low and close to the explosive concentration range of gas (5% to 15%), it is easy to explode when exposed to open flames. For safety reasons, the utilization of this type of gas needs to be determined based on its concentration. In the research on gas, it was found that some coal mines supply high gas with a concentration greater than 40% to local residents for free or ignite and discharge it, while gas with a concentration lower than 40% is directly discharged or ignited and discharged. The utilization rate of this type of gas is relatively low, but it has high value for power generation utilization. Therefore, at present, most of the research and development on power generation technology for this type of gas is focused on it, which is the most feasible energy-saving and emission reducing gas power generation technology. At present, this type of gas power generation technology can only use gas with a concentration greater than 30% for power generation. Due to the fact that the upper limit of gas explosion concentration range increases with the increase of gas pressure, for safety reasons, coal mine gas drainage power generation commonly uses gas internal combustion engine power generation technology (requiring a supply pressure not higher than 0.05 MPa and an upper limit of explosion concentration range greater than 15%), while using gas turbine power generation technology (requiring a supply pressure greater than 0.7 MPa and an upper limit of explosion concentration range greater than 30%). The gas internal combustion engine generator set generates electricity by pressurizing a mixture of air and gas, electronically igniting and detonating to work, pushing the piston to move, and the crankshaft to rotate and drive the generator. The typical process flow of gas extraction gas internal combustion engine power generation is shown in Figure 1. 1.2.3 The typical process flow of exhaust gas power generation is shown in Figure 2. In the process of coal mining, in order to ensure that miners breathe fresh air, clean air must be pressurized underground. The exhaust gas discharged from underground ventilation is called exhaust gas, which contains trace amounts of gas, with methane concentration generally below 1%. This gas can also cause energy waste and pollution to the atmospheric environment. Coal mine exhaust gas power generation is the process of sending exhaust gas (methane) with a concentration greater than 0.2% into an oxidizer for flameless combustion. The energy from gas combustion is used to stabilize the combustion process and achieve the goal of destroying gas. At the same time, heat exchangers can be used to absorb the waste heat from the combustion process to produce steam or hot water. Steam can drive a steam turbine to generate electricity, while hot water can provide heating or cooling. 2. The current development status of gas power generation technology in China began in the 1980s, when countries such as the United States, the United Kingdom, and Australia began to use gas power generation. The initial gas power generation used gas turbines for power generation. As gas turbines generally need to increase the pressure of gas, the explosion limit of gas will be raised under high temperature and pressure, which means that low concentration gas is prone to ignition and explosion. Therefore, gas turbine power generation generally requires a high gas concentration (usually above 40%), and when the gas concentration decreases, the power generation operation is stopped. In addition, the decrease in gas concentration increases the compression capacity of the compression equipment, resulting in an increase in power consumption and a decrease in economic efficiency. China's gas power generation started relatively late, and the first coalbed methane power generation demonstration project - the Laohutai Power Station of Liaoning Fushun Mining Bureau - used gas turbines for power generation, with a gas concentration slightly higher than 40%. The Sihe Coal Mine of Jincheng Mining Bureau initially used two 2000kW gas turbine units with a gas concentration of 55% to 65%. Due to the inability of gas turbine units to adapt to slightly lower concentrations of gas, the utilization of gas power generation is limited. However, the emergence of internal combustion engine gas generator sets has fully utilized gas with methane concentrations higher than 30%. At present, some foreign brands of internal combustion engine gas generator companies have entered the Chinese market, among which Caterpillar from the United States, Jenbach from Austria, and Deutz from Germany are all successful brand enterprises operating in China. Many domestic enterprises have successfully developed internal combustion engine gas generator sets, which have been widely used in some coal mines. The Wulimiao coal mine in Jincheng, Shanxi has completed the first domestic internal combustion engine gas power generation project, using Shandong Shengdong Group's 400kW internal combustion engine gas generator set, which can adapt to gas concentrations of over 30%. In addition, domestic enterprises currently using internal combustion engine gas generator sets include Jiangsu Qidong Baoju, Jinan Diesel Engine Factory, Zibo Diesel Engine Factory, etc. With the increasing support of the country for the development of new energy, many enterprises are gradually paying attention to the development of gas power generation technology. Currently, the adaptability of internal combustion engine generator sets to gas concentration is also getting better. The single unit capacity of the unit is getting larger and the degree of automation is getting higher. Gas power generation technology is becoming more mature, and the management of gas power plants is also becoming more perfect, so that gas resources can be more fully utilized. From the research in Shanxi, it can be seen that gas power generation has gradually transformed from the initial low efficiency, low automation level, and small capacity cowshed power stations operated by individuals to high-efficiency, highly automated, and large-scale gas power stations dominated by large power generation enterprises.

　　3、内燃机瓦斯发电的关键技术内燃机瓦斯发电存在的问题及技术难点可以归纳为气源品质处理和进入发电机前瓦斯气的浓度、气量的控制。3.1瓦斯气的品质处理目前用来发电的瓦斯大多数都是煤矿为了安全生产而从井下抽放的瓦斯气，这些瓦斯气的品质决定着瓦斯泡芙视频下载地址的运行情况，因此在瓦斯气进入内燃机之前要对其进行一系列的处理，以满足发电机对气体的运行要求，具体包括以下4种处理方式。（1）降低瓦斯气含水量：从井下抽放出来的瓦斯气都含有大量水蒸气，必须对瓦斯气进行脱水除湿，以降低瓦斯气中的水分含量。目前多采用冷凝排水来降低水分。（2）去除瓦斯气中的杂质：抽放出来的瓦斯气会掺杂着粉尘及其他有害气体。采用过滤器除去粉尘，并根据气体的物理性质采用冷凝气体析出有害气体。（3）调节瓦斯气的压力：其稳压过程一般有两个阶段。一是矿井抽放瓦斯气阶段。由于井下各方面条件的制约，从矿井抽出的瓦斯气体的压力和浓度都在不断地变化，甚至出现较大的变化。此时不能直接把瓦斯气送入泡芙视频下载地址，而是先把瓦斯气送人储气柜，而这个储气柜对抽放到地面的瓦斯气起着稳压缓冲的作用。二是瓦斯气进入泡芙视频下载地址阶段。内燃机泡芙视频下载地址要求进入的瓦斯气必须满足特定的压力条件。为此应采用变频罗茨风机，根据压力的具体要求来调节气体的稳定压力。（4）控制瓦斯气进入发电机前的温度：内燃机泡芙视频下载地址严格要求瓦斯气的进气温度，由于外界的温度也能影响到管道内瓦斯气的温度，因此需要根据季节及外界气温的变化而对瓦斯气的温度进行测量和调节控制。一般瓦斯气体温度都高于进气温度，因此要求装有降温装置，在夏天气温较高时，投入装置；其他季节可根据当地温度情况，切除降温装置。

　　3. The key technology of internal combustion engine gas power generation can be summarized as the problems and technical difficulties of gas source quality treatment and the control of gas concentration and volume before entering the generator. 3.1 Quality Treatment of Gas Gas Currently, most of the gas used for power generation is extracted from underground coal mines for safety production. The quality of these gas gases determines the operation of the gas generator unit. Therefore, before entering the internal combustion engine, a series of treatments must be carried out to meet the gas operation requirements of the generator, including the following four treatment methods. (1) Reduce the moisture content of gas: The gas extracted from underground contains a large amount of water vapor, and it is necessary to dehydrate and dehumidify the gas to reduce the moisture content in the gas. Currently, condensation drainage is commonly used to reduce moisture. (2) Removing impurities from gas: The extracted gas will be mixed with dust and other harmful gases. Use a filter to remove dust and condense harmful gases based on the physical properties of the gas. (3) Adjusting the pressure of gas: The stabilization process generally has two stages. One is the stage of extracting gas from the mine. Due to the constraints of various underground conditions, the pressure and concentration of gas extracted from the mine are constantly changing, even showing significant changes. At this time, the gas cannot be directly sent to the generator set. Instead, the gas is first sent to the gas storage tank, which plays a stabilizing and buffering role for the gas pumped to the ground. The second stage is when gas enters the generator set. The gas entering the internal combustion engine generator set must meet specific pressure conditions. For this purpose, a variable frequency Roots blower should be used to adjust the stable pressure of the gas according to specific pressure requirements. (4) Control the temperature of gas before entering the generator: Internal combustion engine generator sets strictly require the inlet temperature of gas. Since the external temperature can also affect the temperature of gas in the pipeline, it is necessary to measure and adjust the temperature of gas according to the season and changes in external temperature. Generally, the temperature of gas is higher than the inlet temperature, so it is required to install a cooling device. When the temperature is high in summer, the device should be put into operation; In other seasons, the cooling device can be removed according to the local temperature conditions.

　　3.2进入发电机前瓦斯气的浓度和气量的控制瓦斯气的浓度和气量表现为瓦斯气的热值，即内能．根据能量守恒定律，其发热量的大小决定着燃气机组的发电量，即其浓度和气量的大小直接影响到泡芙视频下载地址的运行状态。由于抽放瓦斯浓度不断变化，无法从某一浓度计算发热量，因此将瓦斯气发热量折合成纯瓦斯来进行计算。根据经验，1m3纯瓦斯气大约可以发出3～3.5kWh电能。如果在正常发电运行过程中，瓦斯浓度的降低或者瓦斯气流量的减少，即瓦斯气发热量的减少，会导致泡芙视频下载地址转速降低，从而导致发出电能的频率降低．当瓦斯浓度降低或气量减少到一定程度，可能会引起内燃机的失速，从而造成停机，甚至发生事故。如果瓦斯浓度的升高或者瓦斯气流量的增大，即瓦斯气发热量增加，会使泡芙视频下载地址转速增加，发出电能的频率升高．同时，气量和浓度的增大还会降低瓦斯气的燃烧效率，造成能源不必要的浪费。因此，瓦斯气浓度和流量的合理配合控制是内燃机瓦斯发电技术的重要环节，也是瓦斯发电技术中的难点。尽管许多瓦斯预处理企业对浓度和气量的控制进行重点开发研究，如通过对瓦斯气参数的有效测量，通过DCS的控制平台及线性的控制策略，可对瓦斯气量和浓度小范围的变化进行有效调节和控制。

　　3.2 Control of Gas Concentration and Volume Before Entering the Generator The concentration and volume of gas are expressed as the calorific value of gas, i.e. internal energy. According to the law of conservation of energy, the magnitude of its calorific value determines the power generation of the gas turbine, which directly affects the operating status of the generator. Due to the constantly changing concentration of extracted gas, it is impossible to calculate the heat generation from a certain concentration. Therefore, the heat generation of gas is converted into pure gas for calculation. According to experience, 1m3 of pure gas can generate approximately 3-3.5kWh of electricity. If the concentration of gas decreases or the flow rate of gas decreases during normal power generation, that is, the heat generation of gas decreases, it will lead to a decrease in the speed of the generator set, resulting in a decrease in the frequency of electricity generation. When the concentration of gas decreases or the amount of gas decreases to a certain extent, it may cause the internal combustion engine to stall, resulting in shutdown or even accidents. If the concentration of gas increases or the flow rate of gas increases, that is, the heat generation of gas increases, it will increase the speed of the generator set and the frequency of electricity generation. At the same time, the increase in gas volume and concentration will also reduce the combustion efficiency of gas, causing unnecessary waste of energy. Therefore, the reasonable coordination and control of gas concentration and flow rate is an important part of internal combustion engine gas power generation technology, and also a difficult point in gas power generation technology. Although many gas pretreatment enterprises focus on the development and research of concentration and gas volume control, such as effective measurement of gas parameters, DCS control platform, and linear control strategy, it is possible to effectively adjust and control small range changes in gas volume and concentration.

　　瓦斯气的浓度和流量具体控制如下：（1）瓦斯气的浓度控制要求进气瓦斯浓度不低于30％，为了生产的稳定性和安全性，需严格控制瓦斯的浓度；（2）瓦斯气的流量控制瓦斯泡芙视频下载地址对瓦斯进气压力和燃气量都有严格的控制，瓦斯气的流量控制可保证内燃机的稳定运行。3.3内燃机泡芙视频下载地址的运行策略燃气内燃机泡芙视频下载地址单机机组容量较小，目前投入使用的常见单机机组容量有500kW，2000kW，4000kW。在大型的瓦斯电站中，需要多台这样的机组同时运行。由于井下抽放的瓦斯气量随季节温度的变化而变化，当气量充足时，泡芙视频下载地址可以全部投入满负荷运行；当气量不足时，是停运其中的几台发电机还是对每台发电机降负荷运行以确保机组更有效率地运行，这就涉及发电机机组的运行策略。当然，考虑到各台机组的经济运行，根据具体条件，采用适当的算法，寻求最经济的运行模式。

　　The specific control of gas concentration and flow rate is as follows: (1) The concentration control of gas requires that the inlet gas concentration is not less than 30%. For the stability and safety of production, the concentration of gas needs to be strictly controlled; (2) The flow control of gas generator set has strict control over the gas inlet pressure and gas volume, and the flow control of gas can ensure the stable operation of internal combustion engine. 3.3 Operation strategy of internal combustion engine generator set Gas internal combustion engine generator set has a small single unit capacity, and the common single unit capacities currently in use are 500kW, 2000kW, and 4000kW. In large gas power plants, multiple such units need to operate simultaneously. Due to the variation of gas volume extracted underground with seasonal temperature, when the gas volume is sufficient, the generator set can be fully put into full load operation; When the gas volume is insufficient, whether to shut down several generators or reduce the load on each generator to ensure more efficient operation of the unit involves the operation strategy of the generator unit. Of course, considering the economic operation of each unit, appropriate algorithms will be adopted based on specific conditions to seek the most economical operating mode.

　　4、内燃机燃气蒸汽——热电联产山西某瓦斯电站采用单机容量为2000kW的美国卡特彼勒G3520C型机组。该电站工程示例流程见图3。在该电站中，每15台内燃机泡芙视频下载地址为一个发电单元，每个发电单元配置一台容量为3000kW的汽轮机泡芙视频下载地址，作为余热发电。煤矿抽放站利用水循环真空泵从井下抽出瓦斯，在通过储气柜简单的过滤稳压后，储气柜出来的瓦斯气进入瓦斯预处理站，瓦斯气在预处理站中经过脱水、除湿、除尘、精过滤，以及气体浓度和压力的控制等一系列处理并满足泡芙视频下载地址的进气要求后，瓦斯气进入内燃机泡芙视频下载地址发电。内燃机排放的尾气温度大约为500℃通过3×6t／h的余热锅炉产生过热蒸汽，供给额定容量为3000kW的汽轮机发电或给当地企业和居民供热。此外，内燃机产生的缸套水也可给当地用户供暖供热。内燃机机组和汽轮机出口电压为10.5kV，发出的电能通过升压站升至220kV后并入电网。这种燃气蒸汽热电联产发电模式对能源的利用效率极高，能够较好实现节能减排的目的，是当前大力推广应用的瓦斯利用发电模式。5、结语我国瓦斯发电技术处于发展的初级阶段，尽管目前浓度高于30％的瓦斯发电技术已经在高瓦斯地区得到广泛应用，但是由于瓦斯气量和浓度不稳定等客观因素，瓦斯发电的稳定性和可靠性仍然受到电力行业人士的质疑。而且浓度低于30％的瓦斯发电技术还不成熟，在全球节能减排的形势下，国内外相关企业都在不停地研发和探索，寻求更合理、更经济的发电技术，以尽可能的把各浓度的瓦斯利用起来，造福于人类。

　　4. Internal combustion engine gas steam cogeneration - a gas power station in Shanxi Province uses a Caterpillar G3520C unit with a single capacity of 2000kW. The example process of the power station project is shown in Figure 3. In this power station, every 15 internal combustion engine generator sets are considered as one power generation unit, and each power generation unit is equipped with a steam turbine generator set with a capacity of 3000 kW as waste heat power generation. The coal mine drainage station uses a water circulation vacuum pump to extract gas from underground. After simple filtration and stabilization through a gas storage tank, the gas from the tank enters the gas pretreatment station. The gas undergoes a series of treatments such as dehydration, dehumidification, dust removal, fine filtration, as well as gas concentration and pressure control in the pretreatment station to meet the inlet requirements of the generator set. The gas then enters the internal combustion engine generator set for power generation. The exhaust temperature emitted by internal combustion engines is approximately 500 ℃, and superheated steam is generated through a 3 × 6t/h waste heat boiler to supply power to a steam turbine with a rated capacity of 3000kW or to provide heating for local enterprises and residents. In addition, the cylinder liner water generated by internal combustion engines can also provide heating for local users. The outlet voltage of the internal combustion engine unit and steam turbine is 10.5kV, and the generated electrical energy is boosted to 220kV through a booster station and then connected to the power grid. This gas steam cogeneration power generation mode has extremely high energy utilization efficiency and can achieve the goal of energy conservation and emission reduction. It is currently widely promoted and applied as a gas utilization power generation mode. 5. Conclusion: Gas power generation technology in China is still in its early stages of development. Although gas power generation technology with concentrations above 30% has been widely used in high gas areas, the stability and reliability of gas power generation are still questioned by professionals in the power industry due to objective factors such as unstable gas volume and concentration. Moreover, the gas power generation technology with a concentration below 30% is not yet mature. In the context of global energy conservation and emission reduction, relevant domestic and foreign enterprises are constantly researching and exploring more reasonable and economical power generation technologies to maximize the utilization of gas with different concentrations for the benefit of humanity.

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